Some and Any:
The words some and any are used for countable and
uncountable nouns. In general, we could say that some means a few / a
little and any means none in negative clauses or a few / a
little in questions.
Positive Clauses
In positive clauses, we usually use some.
Example:
I have bought some bread.
I have bought some apples.
Negative Clauses
In negative clauses, we use any. Note, however, that any
alone is not a negative - it must be not ... any
Example:
I have not bought any bread.
I have not bought any apples.
Questions
In questions, we usually use any.
Example:
Have you bought any bread?
Have you bought any apples?
Plurals:
general rule: singular form + s
example: a car - two cars
after s, ch, x, z the plural is formed by adding es
example: a box - two boxes
y after a consonant is changed to ie before
the plural s
example: a city - two cities
But: y after a vowel is
not changed
example: a boy - two boys
After o the plural is usually formed by adding es (this is
not the case, however, with words used for electric gadgets and music: radio,
video, disco)
example: a tomato - two tomatoes
